焦东翔,俞海侠,孙凌辰,孙玲玲,王珺

• 1:国网冀北电力有限公司秦皇岛供电公司
• 2:电力电子节能与传动控制河北省重点实验室(燕山大学)

摘要(Abstract)：

为发挥电采暖负荷灵活可调控性能，本文将电采暖负荷聚合成虚拟电厂，提出一种价格激励调峰型虚拟电厂电采暖负荷的动态分时电价决策方法，为电采暖主动参与电网优化运行提供解决方案。首先，基于现有电采暖设备种类及其应用模式，划分直热式、蓄热式、“光伏+直热式”及“光伏+蓄热式”4类典型电采暖负荷类型，构建电采暖型调峰虚拟电厂运营模式；建立分时电价下4类电采暖负荷用电特性模型；采用模糊隶属度对虚拟电厂分时电价时段进行划分，并建立调峰型虚拟电厂电采暖负荷日前动态分时电价优化模型。算例结果表明，调峰型虚拟电厂通过制定动态分时电价激励电采暖负荷有序用电，在实现电网调峰的同时，具有较好的经济效益。

关键词(KeyWords)： 电采暖负荷;虚拟电厂;动态分时电价;调峰;用电特性建模

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国网冀北电力有限公司科技项目（5201042000SU）

作者(Author): 焦东翔,俞海侠,孙凌辰,孙玲玲,王珺

DOI: 10.19635/j.cnki.csu-epsa.000884

参考文献(References)：

• [1]中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室.新时代的中国能源发展[EB/OL].http：//www.scio.gov.cn/zfbps/32832/Document/1695117/1695117.htm,2021.
• [2]李洪涛，万宇翔，程林，等(Li Hongtao,Wan Yuxiang,Cheng Lin,et al).能源互联网背景下电能替代负荷的应用展望与思考(Outlook and thought of application of electric energy substituting loads under background of Energy Internet)[J].电工电能新技术(Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy),2019,38(11):46-59.
• [3]唐伟，徐朝，单葆国，等(Tang Wei,Xu Chao,Shan Baoguo,et al).基于细分行业用能结构特征的“十四五”电能替代电量规划研究(Based on characteristics of energy consumption structure of subdivided industries)[J].中国电力(Electric Power),2021,54(7):36-45.
• [4]谭显东，刘俊，徐志成，等(Tan Xiandong,Liu Jun,Xu Zhicheng,et al).“双碳”目标下“十四五”电力供需形势(Power supply and demand balance during the 14th fiveyear plan period under the goal of carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality)[J].中国电力(Electric Power),2021,54(5):1-6.
• [5]田立亭，程林，郭剑波，等(Tian Liting,Cheng Lin,Guo Jianbo,et al).虚拟电厂对分布式能源的管理和互动机制研究综述(A review on the study of management and interaction mechanism for distributed energy in virtual power plants)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2020,44(6):2097-2108.
• [6]张嘉睿，穆云飞，贾宏杰，等(Zhang Jiarui,Mu Yunfei,Jia Hongjie,et al).考虑停电时段用户热需求的蓄热式电采暖日前优化调度方法(Day-ahead Optimal scheduling method for regenerative electric heating considering thermal demand of users during power outage)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2020,44(21):15-22.
• [7]赵磊洋，严干贵，孔璇，等(Zhao Leiyang,Yan Gangui,Kong Xuan,et al).计及用户响应成本的电采暖负荷群参与风电备用研究(Electric heating load group participating in wind power standby considering user response cost)[J].可再生能源(Renewable Energy Resources),2020,38(6):817-823.
• [8]崔屹峰，李珍国，杨金庆，等(Cui Yifeng,Li Zhenguo,Yang Jinqing,et al).考虑需求差异的户用蓄热式电采暖优化运行策略(Optimal operation strategy for household electric thermal storage heating considering demand difference)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2021,45(7):116-122.
• [9]黄剑平，陈皓勇，林镇佳，等(Huang Jianping,Chen Haoyong,Lin Zhenjia,et al).需求侧响应背景下分时电价研究与实践综述(A summary of time-of-use research and practice in a demand response environment)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2021,49(9):179-187.
• [10]刘敦楠，徐尔丰，刘明光，等(Liu Dunnan,Xu Erfeng,Liu Mingguang,et al).面向分布式电源就地消纳的园区分时电价定价方法(TOU pricing method for park considering local consumption of distributed generator)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2020,44(20):19-27.
• [11]刘浩田，陈锦，朱熹，等(Liu Haotian,Chen Jin,Zhu Xi,et al).一种基于价格弹性矩阵的居民峰谷分时电价激励策略(An incentive strategy of residential peak-valley price based on price elasticity matrix of demand)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2021,49(5):116-123.
• [12]袁桂丽，陈少梁，刘颖，等(Yuan Guili,Chen Shaoliang,Liu Ying,et al).基于分时电价的虚拟电厂经济性优化调度(Economic optimal dispatch of virtual power plant based on time-of-use power price)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2016,40(3):826-832.
• [13]袁桂丽，贾新潮，房方，等(Yuan Guili,Jia Xinchao,Fang Fang,et al).虚拟电厂源荷双侧热电联合随机优化调度(Joint stochastic optimal scheduling of heat and power considering source and load sides of virtual power plant)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2020,44(8):2932-2940.
• [14]江叶峰，熊浩，胡宇，等(Jiang Yefeng,Xiong Hao,Hu Yu,et al).考虑电热综合需求响应的虚拟电厂优化调度(Optimal dispatching of virtual power plants considering comprehensive demand response of electricity and heat loads)[J].电力建设(Electric Power Construction),2019,40(12):61-69.
• [15]张长久，赵铁军，董海艳，等(Zhang Changjiu,Zhao Tiejun,Dong Haiyan,et al).电采暖与光伏规模化接入低压农网的电压风险评估方法(Voltage risk assessment method of electric heatings and PV large-scale access to rural low-voltage distributions)[J].燕山大学学报(Journal of Yanshan University),2020,44(6):581-590.
• [16]李昭昱，艾芊，张宇帆，等(Li Zhaoyu,Ai Qian,Zhang Yufan,et al).数据驱动技术在虚拟电厂中的应用综述(Summary of application of data driven technology in virtual power plant)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2020,44(7):2411-2419.
• [17]苏建军，郭跃进，刘萌，等(Su Jianjun,Guo Yuejin,Liu Meng,et al).紧急切负荷措施的温控负荷控制策略及概率模型(Strategy and probability model for thermostatically controlled loads in emergency load shedding system)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2018,42(3):911-918.
• [18]赵铁军，孟菁，王珺，等(Zhao Tiejun,Meng Jing,Wang Jun,et al).互动模式下光伏与电采暖蓄热容量优化配置策略(Optimal allocation strategy of photovoltaic and electric heating storage capacity in interactive mode)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EP-SA),2021,33(5):9-15.
• [19]陈景堃，田波，陈雯珺，等(Chen Jingkun,Tian Bo,Chen Wenjun,et al).JGJ26-2010《严寒和寒冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准》探析(Analysis on design standards for energy efficiency of residential buildings in severe cold and cold zones(JGJ26-2010))[J].建筑节能(Building Energy Efficiency),2012,40(3):60-62.
• [20]杨玉龙，王彤，赵磊洋，等(Yang Yulong,Wang Tong,Zhao Leiyang,et al).分布式电采暖负荷群建模及备用优化(Distributed electric heating load group modeling and standby optimization)[J].电测与仪表(Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation),2020,57(2):81-87.
• [21]张嘉睿，陈晚晴，张雅青，等(Zhang Jiarui,Chen Wanqing,Zhang Yaqing,et al).考虑配网功率约束及可靠供暖的园区蓄热式电采暖双层优化配置方法(A two-layer optimal configuration method for park regenerative electric heating considering power constraints of distribution network and reliable heating)[J].全球能源互联网(Journal of Global Energy Interconnection),2021,4(2):142-152.
• [22]赵晋泉，杨余华，孙中昊，等(Zhao Jinquan,Yang Yuhua,Sun Zhonghao,et al).考虑虚拟电厂参与的深度调峰市场机制与出清模型(Deep peak regulation market mechanism and clearing model considering participation of virtual power plants)[J].全球能源互联网(Journal of Global Energy Interconnection),2020,3(5):469-476.
• [23]王宣元，王剑晓，武昭原，等(Wang Xuanyuan,Wang Jianxiao,Wu Zhaoyuan,et al).基于随机鲁棒优化的虚拟电厂灵活调峰投标策略(Virtual power plant's optimal bidding strategy for flexible ramping products based on a hybrid stochastic/robust optimization)[J].可再生能源(Renewable Energy Resources),2020,38(4):539-544.